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Influence of Bacillus Subtilis Bacteria on Strength and Durability of Concrete with Silica Fume

Deya Qtiashat, Mahmoud Al-Khazaleh, P. Krishna Kumar, Ali Alqatawna, Islam A. Alshafei

Abstract


This study investigates the influence of Bacillus subtilis bacteria on the strength and durability properties of M30 concrete with and without silica fume. The experimental study was conducted on four concrete mix series: conventional concrete (B1), conventional concrete with silica fume (B2), bacterial concrete without any admixtures (B3), and bacterial concrete with silica fume (B4). Silica fume was incorporated at replacement levels of 5% and 10% by weight of cement for the B2 and B4 mix series to evaluate its effect on bacterial activity and concrete performance. The study measured compressive strength, split tensile strength, and water absorption to assess mechanical and durability properties. Results reveal that bacterial concrete (B3 and B4) exhibits improved strength and durability compared to conventional concrete (B1 and B2). Furthermore, silica fume enhances the performance of bacterial concrete due to its pozzolanic action, which refines the microstructure and provides additional nucleation sites for calcium carbonate precipitation by Bacillus subtilis. Among all mixes, B4 with 10% silica fume achieved the highest strength and durability, demonstrating the synergistic effect of bacteria and silica fume. This research highlights the potential of bacterial concrete with silica fume as an innovative material for sustainable construction, offering improved mechanical performance and reduced permeability.

 

Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-05-013

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Keywords


Bacillus Subtilis, Bacterial Concrete; Silica Fume; Strength Properties; Durability; Sustainable Construction.

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DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-05-013

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Copyright (c) 2025 Deya Qtiashat, Mahmoud Al Khazaleh, Krishna Kumar P, Islam A. ALSHAFEI

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