1. Home
  2. Vol 10, No 12 (2024)
  3. Kusonkhum

Earthquake Resistance of Masonry-Infilled RC Frames Strengthened with Expanded Metal

Wuttipong Kusonkhum, Phongphan Tankasem, Anuchat Leeanansaksiri

Abstract


This research aimed to investigate the compressive strength of lightweight concrete walls before and after reinforcement using the expanded metal reinforced with ferrocement jacketing method and to evaluate the performance level of lightweight concrete walls in reinforced concrete rigid frames. Masonry infill walls were tested using seven samples of lightweight concrete with an average size of 600×600 mm under axial force. The study results were found that in the part of control, non-plastered lightweight concrete wall (CWL) bore an average compressive strength of 2.52 MPa, and plastered lightweight concrete (WPL) bore an average compressive strength of 2.95 MPa. It indicated that plastering on masonry infill walls was able to bear higher impact strength at 1.17 times due to the bonding force of plastering cement at the masonry infill wall. Lightweight concrete walls reinforced with expanded metal, which were able to bear the maximum compressive strength, were lightweight concrete walls reinforced with 1 layer of expanded metal (WPL-E1) that bore the maximum compressive strength capacity, which was equal to 6.40 MPa. When compared with plastered lightweight concrete walls (WPL) samples, masonry infill walls had 2.16 times higher strength capacity. It was shown that reinforcement using the ferrocement technique significantly increased compressive strength capacity. However, in this research, WPL samples, the plastered lightweight concrete walls, were selected as the control samples, and WPL-E1 test samples with the highest compressive strength were used to evaluate the performance level of the reinforced concrete rigid frame. It was found that lightweight concrete walls reinforced with expanded metal were able to bear higher strength at 1.92 and 3.66 times, respectively. When compared to unreinforced masonry infill wall samples and the bare rigid frame, reinforcement with expanded metal effectively was able to increase the strength and stiffness of the reinforced concrete rigid frame.

 

Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-017

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Expanded Metal; Ferrocement; Lightweight Concrete; Masonry; Performance Level.

References


Taghdi, M., Bruneau, M., & Saatcioglu, M. (2000). Seismic Retrofitting of Low-Rise Masonry and Concrete Walls Using Steel Strips. Journal of Structural Engineering, 126(9), 1017–1025. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2000)126:9(1017).

Ozbek, E., Kalkan, I., Akbas, S. O., & Aykac, S. (2014). Influence of strengthening with perforated steel plates on the behavior of infill walls and RC frame. International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8(5), 511-516.

Aykac, S., Ozbek, E., Aykac, B., & Kalkan, I. (2016). Influence of Strengthening the Infill Walls with Perforated Steel Plates on the Behavior of RC Frames. Athens Journal of Τechnology & Engineering, 3(2), 133–152. doi:10.30958/ajte.3-2-2.

Ghobarah, A., & El Mandooh Galal, K. (2004). Out-of-Plane Strengthening of Unreinforced Masonry Walls with Openings. Journal of Composites for Construction, 8(4), 298–305. doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2004)8:4(298).

ElGawady, M. A., Lestuzzi, P., & Badoux, M. (2005). Aseismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry walls using FRP. Composites Part B: Engineering, 37(2–3), 148–162. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.06.003.

Anil, Ö., & Altin, S. (2007). An experimental study on reinforced concrete partially infilled frames. Engineering Structures, 29(3), 449–460. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.05.011.

Santa-Maria, H., & Alcaino, P. (2011). Repair of in-plane shear damaged masonry walls with external FRP. Construction and Building Materials, 25(3), 1172–1180. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.09.030.

Akın, E., Canbay, E., Binici, B., & Özcebe, G. (2011). Testing and analysis of infilled reinforced concrete frames strengthened with CFRP reinforcement. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 30(19), 1605–1620. doi:10.1177/0731684411424631.

Teymur, P., Yuksel, E., Yahaya, A. & Pala, S., (2008). Wet-Mixed Shotcrete Walls to Retrofit Low Ductile RC Frames. Proceedings of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering 2008, Beijing, 12-17 October, China.

Lin, Y., Lawley, D., Wotherspoon, L., & Ingham, J. M. (2016). Out-of-plane Testing of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Strengthened Using ECC Shotcrete. Structures, 7, 33–42. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2016.04.005.

Altoubat, S., Maalej, M., Karzad, A.S. & Estephane, P., (2018). Rapid Strengthening of Unreinforced Masonry Walls for Out-of-Plane Actions using Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete. Proceedings of the 3rd RN Raikar Memorial Intl. Conference & Gettu-Kodur Intl. Symposium on Advances in Science & Technology of Concrete 2018, December, India.

Leeanansaksiri, A., Panyakapo, P., & Ruangrassamee, A. (2018). Seismic capacity of masonry infilled RC frame strengthening with expanded metal ferrocement. Engineering Structures, 159(1), 110–127. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.12.034.

Longthong, S., Panyakapo, P., & Ruangrassamee, A. (2020). Seismic strengthening of RC frame and brick infill panel using ferrocement and expanded metal. Engineering Journal, 24(3), 45–59. doi:10.4186/ej.2020.24.3.45.

Poluraju, P., & Rao, N. (2011). Pushover analysis of reinforced concrete frame structure using SAP 2000. International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 4(6), 684-690.

Hakim, R. A., Alama, M. S., & Ashour, S. A. (2014). Application of Pushover Analysis for Evaluating Seismic Performance of RC Building. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 3(1), 1657–1662.

Mani Deep, V., & Polu Raju, P. (2017). Pushover analysis of RC building: Comparative study on seismic zones of India. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 567–578.

Milheiro, J., Rodrigues, H., & Arêde, A. (2016). Evaluation of the contribution of masonry infill panels on the seismic behaviour of two existing reinforced concrete buildings. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 20(4), 1365–1374. doi:10.1007/s12205-015-0112-y.

Abdelaziz, M. M., Gomma, M. S., & El-Ghazaly, H. (2019). Seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete structures infilled with masonry infill walls. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 20(7), 961–981. doi:10.1007/s42107-019-00158-6.

Tian, P., Yang, W., Cao, C., Bian, Z., Yun, Z., & Lu, J. (2024). A study of the seismic resistance performance of strengthened masonry walls using polypropylene mesh-composite on the surface. Structures, 68, 107270. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2024.107270.

Zhong, Z., Pan, J., Shen, J., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., & Du, X. (2024). Experimental study on seismic performance of damaged masonry walls reinforced with high-polymer cementitious composite material. Journal of Building Engineering, 96, 110629. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110629.

Zoppo, M. D., Ludovico, M. D., Balsamo, A., & Prota, A. (2024). Out-of-Plane Strengthening of Masonry Walls with Inorganic Composites. American Concrete Institute, 360, 395–402. doi:10.14359/51740638.

Jafarian, S., Esmaelian, M., Shekarchi, M., & Ghassemieh, M. (2024). Performance of low-carbon textile-reinforced mortar: Out-of-plane response of strengthened masonry walls. Construction and Building Materials, 415, 134904. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.134904.

Chavoshan, M., Fallah, A., Mirjalili, A., & Yekrangnia, M. (2024). In-Plane Seismic Strengthening of Brick Masonry Wall Using Wire Rope and Neoprene. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 29(4), 1497. doi:10.1061/ppscfx.sceng-1497.

ASTM C170/C170M-17. (2023). Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Dimension Stone. ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States. doi:10.1520/C0170_C0170M-17.

JIS G 3351. (1987). Expand Metals. Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), Tokyo, Japan.

ASTM D5034-21. (2021). Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test). ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States. doi:10.1520/D5034-21.

ASTM C349-18. (2018). Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars (Using Portions of Prisms Broken in Flexure). ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States. doi:10.1520/C0349-18.

Donduren, M. S., Kanit, R., Kalkan, I., & Gencel, O. (2016). Influence of special plaster on the out-of-plane behavior of masonry walls. Earthquake and Structures, 10(4), 769–788. doi:10.12989/eas.2016.10.4.769.

Ismail, N., Petersen, R. B., Masia, M. J., & Ingham, J. M. (2011). Diagonal shear behaviour of unreinforced masonry wallettes strengthened using twisted steel bars. Construction and Building Materials, 25(12), 4386–4393. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.063.

SeismoStruct. Seismosoft: Earthquake Engineering Software Solutions, Pavia, Italy.

Saneinejad, A., & Hobbs, B. (1995). Inelastic Design of Infilled Frames. Journal of Structural Engineering, 121(4), 634–650. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1995)121:4(634).


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-017

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2025 Phongphan Tankasem, Wuttipong Kusonkhum, Anuchat Leeanansaksiri

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
x
Message