1. Home
  2. Vol 8, No 6 (2022)
  3. Saria

Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Base Isolated Cylindrical Steel Tank

Abdellali Saria, Mohamed Djermane, Nasser Dine Hadj-Djelloul

Abstract


Failure of a tank during an earthquake can result in significant financial, human, and environmental losses. Thus, their lack of resiliency against strong earthquakes may result in refinery disruption. This has the potential to have a considerable impact on any economic system. As a result, more research into the seismic performance of tank structures is required to attain the highest possible level of resistance against strong earthquakes. In this paper, we aim to look into the installation of seismic isolation systems in cylindrical steel storage tanks. A nonlinear 3D finite element model is developed with ANSYS software. Moreover, tank wall material nonlinearity, fluid-structure-interaction, and sloshing components are considered. The bilinear hysteretic LRB is used for modal and time-history analysis. In this work, three tanks with varying aspect ratios are studied: "Model A", "Model B", and "Model C". Furthermore, the fixed tank's fundamental frequencies were compared to the analytical results of the American API 650 Standard. Subsequently, the dynamic behavior response of the researched tanks to the horizontal component of the El-Centro 1940 earthquake with PGAs of 0.34g and 0.5g is investigated. As a result, the dominating frequency of the seismic isolation system is within the effective frequency range of seismically isolated systems. The results illustrate that the base isolation limits the tank wall movement with a large displacement in the isolators; the mode shape is a cantilever beam in all isolated circumstances. The total seismic response reduction in the slender tanks is greater as compared to the broad case in the base-isolated tanks. The sloshing displacement increases with an increase in the tank aspect ratio. Additionally, the isolation device eliminates tank buckling at the base and top of the tank shell during seismic excitation (elephant foot and diamond buckling). It can be concluded that the seismic isolation technique has a more significant impact on reducing the dynamic response of ground-supported tanks, particularly in taller tanks as compared to broad tanks.

 

Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-06-013

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Liquid Storage Tank; Lead Rubber Bearing; Fluid-Structure Interaction; Seismic Base Isolation; Finite Element Analysis.

References


American Lifelines Alliance (ALA). (2013). Seismic Fragility Formulation for Water Systems-Part2-Appendices. Partnership between the Federal Emergency Management (FEMA) and the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), United States. Available online: https://www.americanlifelinesalliance.com/pdf/Part_2_Appendices.pdf (accessed on February 2022).

Waghmare, M. V., Madhekar, S. N., & Matsagar, V. A. (2020). Influence of nonlinear fluid viscous dampers on seismic response of RC elevated storage tanks. Civil Engineering Journal, 6, 98–118. doi:10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-09.

Jacobsen, L. S. (1949). Impulsive hydrodynamics of fluid inside a cylindrical tank and of fluid surrounding a cylindrical pier. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 39(3), 189–204. doi:10.1785/bssa0390030189.

Housner, G. W. (1963). The dynamic behavior of water tanks. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 53(2), 381–387. doi:10.1785/bssa0530020381.

Veletsos, A. S. (1973). Seismic effects in flexible liquid storage tanks. Proceedings of the 5th world conference on earthquake engineering (5WCEE), 25-29 June, 1973, Rome, Italy.

Haroun, M. A., & Housner, G. W. (1981). Seismic design of liquid storage tanks. Journal of the Technical Councils of ASCE, 107(1), 191-207. doi:10.1061/jtcad9.0000080.

Malhotra, P. K., Wenk, T., & Wieland, M. (2000). Simple procedure for seismic analysis of liquid-storage tanks. Structural Engineering International: Journal of the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 10(3), 197–201. doi:10.2749/101686600780481509.

Virella, J. C., Godoy, L. A., & Suárez, L. E. (2006). Fundamental modes of tank-liquid systems under horizontal motions. Engineering Structures, 28(10), 1450–1461. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.12.016.

Maekawa, A., Shimizu, Y., Suzuki, M., & Fujita, K. (2010). Vibration test of a 1/10 reduced scale model of cylindrical water storage tank. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Transactions of the ASME, 132(5). doi:10.1115/1.4001915.

Maekawa, A. (2012). Recent Advances in Seismic Response Analysis of Cylindrical Liquid Storage Tanks. Earthquake-Resistant Structures - Design, Assessment and Rehabilitation. IntechOpen, London, United Kingdom. doi:10.5772/28735.

Kangda, M. Z. (2021). An approach to finite element modeling of liquid storage tanks in ANSYS: A review. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 6(4), 1-20. doi:10.1007/s41062-021-00589-8.

Hadj-Djelloul, N., & Djermane, M. (2020). Effect of geometric imperfection on the dynamic of elevated water tanks. Civil Engineering Journal, 6(1), 85–97. doi:10.28991/cej-2020-03091455.

Ganji, M., & Kazem, H. (2017). Comparing Seismic Performance of Steel Structures Equipped with Viscous Dampers and Lead Rubber Bearing Base Isolation under Near-Field Earthquake. Civil Engineering Journal, 3(2), 124–136. doi:10.28991/cej-2017-00000079.

Chalhoub, M. S., & Kelly, J. M. (1990). Shake Table Test of Cylindrical Water Tanks in Base‐Isolated Structures. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 116(7), 1451–1472. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1990)116:7(1451).

Kim, N. S., & Lee, D. G. (1995). Pseudodynamic test for evaluation of seismic performance of base-isolated liquid storage tanks. Engineering Structures, 17(3), 198–208. doi:10.1016/0141-0296(95)00076-J.

Malhotra, P. K. (1997). Seismic Response of Soil-Supported Unanchored Liquid-Storage Tanks. Journal of Structural Engineering, 123(4), 440–450. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1997)123:4(440).

Malhotra, P. K. (1997). New method for seismic isolation of liquid-storage tanks. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 26(8), 839–847. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199708)26:8<839::AID-EQE679>3.0.CO;2-Y.

Malhotra, P. K. (1998). Seismic Strengthening of Liquid-Storage Tanks with Energy-Dissipating Anchors. Journal of Structural Engineering, 124(4), 405–414. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1998)124:4(405).

Shrimali, M. K., & Jangid, R. S. (2003). Seismic response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks. JVC/Journal of Vibration and Control, 9(10), 1201–1218. doi:10.1177/107754603030612.

Shrimali, M. K., & Jangid, R. S. (2004). Seismic analysis of base-isolated liquid storage tanks. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 275(1–2), 59–75. doi:10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00749-1.

Güler, E., & Alhan, C. (2021). Performance limits of base-isolated liquid storage tanks with/without supplemental dampers under near-fault earthquakes. Structures, 33, 355–367. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2021.04.023.

Tsipianitis, A., & Tsompanakis, Y. (2021). Optimizing the seismic response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks using swarm intelligence algorithms. Computers and Structures, 243, 106407. doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2020.106407.

Jiang, Y., Zhao, Z., Zhang, R., De Domenico, D., & Pan, C. (2020). Optimal design based on analytical solution for storage tank with inerter isolation system. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 129, 105924. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105924.

Kumar, H., Saha, S.K. (2021). Seismic Response of Liquid Storage Tank Considering Uncertain Soil Parameters. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 103. Springer, Singapore. doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8138-0_45.

Vern, S., Shrimali, M. K., Bharti, S. D., & Datta, T. K. (2021). Response and damage evaluation of base-isolated concrete liquid storage tank under seismic excitations. Engineering Research Express, 3(4), 45002. doi:10.1088/2631-8695/ac2a93.

API 650. (2012). Welded steel tanks for oil storage-Appendix E: Seismic design of storage tanks, (12th Ed.). American Petroleum Institute. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C., United States.

Djermane, M., Zaoui, D., Labbaci, B., & Hammadi, F. (2014). Dynamic buckling of steel tanks under seismic excitation: Numerical evaluation of code provisions. Engineering Structures, 70, 181–196. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.03.037.

Virella, J. C., Godoy, L. A., & Suárez, L. E. (2006). Dynamic buckling of anchored steel tanks subjected to horizontal earthquake excitation. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 62(6), 521–531. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.10.001.

ANSYS Inc. (2022). The ANSYS Structural Software System. Pennsylvania, United States. Available online: https://www.ansys.com/products/structures#tab1-5 (accessed on July 2022).

Robinson, W. H. (1982). Lead‐rubber hysteretic bearings suitable for protecting structures during earthquakes. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 10(4), 593–604. doi:10.1002/eqe.4290100408.

Moslemi, M. (2011). Seismic response of ground cylindrical and elevated conical reinforced concrete tanks. Ph.D. Thesis, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.

Megget, L. M. (1978). Analysis and Design of a Base-Isolated Reinforced Concrete Frame Building. Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, 11(4), 245–254. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.11.4.245-254.

Moslemi, M., & Kianoush, M. R. (2012). Parametric study on dynamic behavior of cylindrical ground-supported tanks. Engineering Structures, 42, 214–230. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.026.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-06-013

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Abdellali Saria, Mohamed Djermane, Nasser Dine Hadj-Djelloul

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
x
Message