1. Home
  2. Vol 7, No 12 (2021)
  3. Son

In-Plane Strengthening of Unreinforced Masonry Walls by Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyurea

Seung-Hwan Son, Jae-Hyoung An, Jun-Hyeok Song, Yu-Sik Hong, Hye-Sook Jang, Hee-Chang Eun

Abstract


Strengthening techniques have been employed in Korea to unreinforced masonry walls (UMWs) for several years to protect them from damage caused by the intermittent occurrence of earthquakes. Polyurea, which has a high tensile strength and elongation rate, can be utilized as a strengthening material to enhance the in-plane strength and ductility of UMWs. Glass fiber-reinforced polyurea (GFRPU) is a composite elastomer manufactured by progressively adding milled glass fiber to polyurea. The purpose of this study is to investigate the enhancement of the in-plane strength and ductility of UMWs using GFRPU, depending on the shape of the GFRPU coating on the wall. Four masonry wall specimens are tested with test variables of the number of strengthening sides and coating shapes. It is illustrated that the GFRPU reinforcement of masonry wall leads to enhanced load-carrying capacity, ductility, and energy absorption. An empirical formula to represent the degree of strengthening effected by GFRPU is proposed in this study.

 

Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091782

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Glass Fiber-Reinforced Poloyurea; In-Plane Load-Carrying Capacity; Retrofit; Energy Absorption Capacity; Unreinforced Masonry Wall.

References


Wang, Chuanlin, Vasilis Sarhosis, and Nikolaos Nikitas. “Strengthening/Retrofitting Techniques on Unreinforced Masonry Structure/Element Subjected to Seismic Loads: A Literature Review.” The Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 251–68. doi:10.2174/1874836801812010251.

Furtado, André, Hugo Rodrigues, António Arêde, and Humberto Varum. “Experimental Tests on Strengthening Strategies for Masonry Infill Walls: A Literature Review.” Construction and Building Materials 263 (2020). doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120520.

Rai, Durgesh C., and Subhash C. Goel. “Seismic Strengthening of Unreinforced Masonry Piers with Steel Elements.” In Earthquake Spectra, 12:845–62. Calgary, Canada, 1996. doi:10.1193/1.1585913.

Darbhanzi, A., M. S. Marefat, and M. Khanmohammadi. “Investigation of In-Plane Seismic Retrofit of Unreinforced Masonry Walls by Means of Vertical Steel Ties.” Construction and Building Materials 52 (2014): 122–29. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.020.

Ismail, Najif, and Jason M. Ingham. “Polymer Textiles as a Retrofit Material for Masonry Walls.” Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Structures and Buildings 167, no. 1 (2014): 15–25. doi:10.1680/stbu.11.00084.

Ismail, Najif, and Jason M. Ingham. “In-Plane and out-of-Plane Testing of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Strengthened Using Polymer Textile Reinforced Mortar.” Engineering Structures 118, no. 1 (2016): 167–77. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.03.041.

Papanicolaou, Catherine, Thanasis Triantafillou, and Maria Lekka. “Externally Bonded Grids as Strengthening and Seismic Retrofitting Materials of Masonry Panels.” Construction and Building Materials 25, no. 2 (2011): 504–14. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.07.018.

Altin, Sinan, Özgür Anil, M. Emin Kara, and Mustafa Kaya. “An Experimental Study on Strengthening of Masonry Infilled RC Frames Using Diagonal CFRP Strips.” Composites Part B: Engineering 39, no. 4 (2008): 680–93. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2007.06.001.

El-Diasity, Mosaad, Hussein Okail, Osama Kamal, and Mohamed Said. “Structural Performance of Confined Masonry Walls Retrofitted Using Ferrocement and GFRP under In-Plane Cyclic Loading.” Engineering Structures 94 (2015): 54–69. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.035.

Lucchini, Sara S., Luca Facconi, Fausto Minelli, and Giovanni Plizzari. “Retrofitting Unreinforced Masonry by Steel Fiber Reinforced Mortar Coating: Uniaxial and Diagonal Compression Tests.” Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions 53, no. 6 (2020): 1–22. doi:10.1617/s11527-020-01574-w.

Triantafillou, Thanasis C. “Strengthening of Masonry Structures Using Epoxy-Bonded FRP Laminates.” Journal of Composites for Construction 2, no. 2 (1998): 96–104. doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(1998)2:2(96).

Bae, Baek-Il, Hyo-Jin Yun, Chang-Sik Choi, and Hyun-Ki Choi. “Evaluation of Shear Strength of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Retrofitted by Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheet.” Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 24, no. 3 (2012): 305–13. doi:10.4334/jkci.2012.24.3.305.

Babaeidarabad, Saman, Francisco De Caso, and Antonio Nanni. “URM Walls Strengthened with Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix Composite Subjected to Diagonal Compression.” Journal of Composites for Construction 18, no. 2 (2014): 04013045. doi:10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000441.

Faella, Ciro, Enzo Martinelli, Emidio Nigro, and Sergio Paciello. “Shear Capacity of Masonry Walls Externally Strengthened by a Cement-Based Composite Material: An Experimental Campaign.” Construction and Building Materials 24, no. 1 (2010): 84–93. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.08.019.

Benedetti, Andrea. “In Plane Behaviour of Masonry Walls Reinforced with Mortar Coatings and Fibre Meshes.” International Journal of Architectural Heritage 13, no. 7 (2019): 1029–41. doi:10.1080/15583058.2019.1618972.

Haach, Vladimir G., Graça Vasconcelos, and Paulo B. Lourenço. “Parametrical Study of Masonry Walls Subjected to In-Plane Loading through Numerical Modeling.” Engineering Structures, 2011. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.01.015.

Zhou, Qiang, Lingyu Yang, and Wenyang Zhao. “Experimental Analysis of Seismic Performance of Masonry Shear Wall Reinforced with PP-Band Mesh and Plastering Mortar under In-Plane Cyclic Loading.” In Advances in Civil Engineering, Vol. 2020, 2020. doi:10.1155/2020/4015790.

Hernoune, Houria, Benchaa Benabed, Antonios Kanellopoulos, Alaa Hussein Al-Zuhairi, and Abdelhamid Guettala. “Experimental and Numerical Study of Behaviour of Reinforced Masonry Walls with NSM CFRP Strips Subjected to Combined Loads.” Buildings 10, no. 6 (2020). doi:10.3390/BUILDINGS10060103.

Elmalyh, Sanaa, Azzeddine Bouyahyaoui, Toufik Cherradi, Ancuta Rotaru, and Petru Mihai. “In-Plane Shear Behavior of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites.” Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems 5, no. 2 (2020): 360–67. doi:10.25046/AJ050247.

Augenti, N., F. Parisi, A. Prota, and G. Manfredi. “In-Plane Lateral Response of a Full-Scale Masonry Subassemblage with and without an Inorganic Matrix-Grid Strengthening System.” Journal of Composites for Construction 15, no. 4 (2011): 578–90. doi:10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000193.

Yu, P, and P F Silva. Strengthening of Infill Masonry Walls Using Bondo Grids with Polyurea. Center for Repair of Bridges and Buildings, (2005).

Carey, N. L., and J. J. Myers. “Discrete Fiber Reinforced Polymer Systems for Repair of Concrete Structures: Polyurea-Fiber Characterization Results.” American Concrete Institute, ACI Special Publication 1, no. 275 SP (2011): 275–88.

Carey, N. L., and J. J. Myers. “Full Scale Blast Testing of Hybrid Barrier Systems.” In American Concrete Institute, ACI Special Publication. American Concrete Institute, (2010): 152–70.

Greene, C. E. “Compressive behavior of concrete cylinders strengthened with a discrete fiber reinforced polymer system.” M.S. Thesis (2010). Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO.

Song, Jun Hyeok, Eun Taik Lee, and Hee Chang Eun. “A Study on the Improvement of Structural Performance by Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyurea (GFRPU) Reinforcement.” In Advances in Civil Engineering, Vol. 2019, 2019. doi:10.1155/2019/2818219.

Song, Jun Hyuk, Eun Taik Lee, Hee Chang Eun, and Charis Apostolopoulos. “A Study on the Strengthening Performance of Concrete Beam by Fiber-Reinforced Polyurea (FRPU) Reinforcement.” In Advances in Civil Engineering, Vol. 2020, 2020. doi:10.1155/2020/6967845.

Song, Jun Hyeok, Eun Taik Lee, and Hee Chang Eun. “Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Columns Retrofitted by Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyurea.” Civil Engineering Journal (Iran) 6, no. 10 (2020): 1852–63. doi:10.28991/cej-2020-03091587.

Son, S H. A Study on In-Plane Strengthening Effect of Masonry Wall by Composite Material of Milled Glass Fiber and Polyurea. Kangwon National University, (2021).

FEMA 273, Nehrp Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings (1997).

ATC. “FEMA 307. Evaluation of Earthquake Damaged Concrete and Masonry Wall Buildings. Technical Resources.” Management, (1998).

Corporation, Korea Facilities Safety. “Seismic Performance Evaluation Guidelines for Existing Facilities”, Buildings, (2019).


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091782

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Hee-Chang Eun, Hye-Sook Jang, Jae-Hyoung An, Jun-Hyeok Song, Yu-Sik Hong, Seung-Hwan Son

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
x
Message