Willingness to Pay for Improvement in Service Quality of Intermediate Public Transport (IPT) Modes
Vol. 7 No. 5 (2021): May
Research Articles
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The Rapid increase in urban population has put extraordinary pressure on transport infrastructure. Public transport frameworks in small and medium-sized cities in developing countries include of IPT modes. However, these midsized cities in developing countries face congestion problems and have severe environmental pollution. The paper focuses on the assessment of willingness to pay for improvement in service quality of IPT mode of transportation in urban India. A Stated Choice (SC) survey instrument was designed and data was collected from IPT users to collect respondent's socio-economic characteristics and their attributes for the stated hypothetical scenarios. Respondents were approached randomly and face-to-face interviews were carried out. The present study aimed at finding the willingness to pay for different attributes of an IPT mode to assess the relative importance of these attributes. The multinomial logit model was developed using the econometric software NLOGIT 4.0. The results obtained from the analysis suggest that the commuters in the city perceive safety as the most important attribute of an IPT mode followed by comfort and waiting time. The findings of the study shall be useful for policy makers and operators in urban planning and improvement of the transportation systems of mid-sized cities of developing countries and any new mode incorporating high comfort and safety shall be preferred.
Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091696
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Kumar, S., & Sinha, S. (2021). Willingness to Pay for Improvement in Service Quality of Intermediate Public Transport (IPT) Modes. Civil Engineering Journal, 7(5), 866–879. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091696
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[1] Ansari, Md Wahid, and Sanjeev Sinha. "Comparative Assessment of Service Quality of IPT Modes in Urban India.” Civil Engineering and Architecture 8, no. 6 (December 2020): 1436–1450. doi:10.13189/cea.2020.080626.
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[7] Minderhoud, M. M., and H. J. Van Zuylen. "Willingness-to-Pay for Personal Rapid Transit in the City of Almelo.” Automated People Movers 2005 (April 25, 2005): 395–405. doi:10.1061/40766(174)34.
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[9] Vanany, Iwan, Udisubakti Ciptomulyono, Muhammad Khoiri, Dodi Hartanto, and Putri N. Imani. "Willingness to Pay for Surabaya Mass Rapid Transit (SMART) Options.” Procedia Manufacturing 4 (2015): 373–382. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2015.11.053.
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[14] Israel Schwarzlose, Alicia A., James W. Mjelde, Rebekka M. Dudensing, Yanhong Jin, Linda K. Cherrington, and Junyi Chen. "Willingness to Pay for Public Transportation Options for Improving the Quality of Life of the Rural Elderly.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 61 (March 2014): 1–14. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2013.12.009.
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[19] Meena, Sanu, Gopal R. Patil, and Aupal Mondal. "Understanding Mode Choice Decisions for Shopping Mall Trips in Metro Cities of Developing Countries.” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 64 (July 2019): 133–146. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2019.05.002.
[20] Chen, Jamie M., Jesper de Groote, James F. Petrick, Tracy Lu, and Peter Nijkamp. "Travellers' Willingness to Pay and Perceived Value of Time in Ride-Sharing: An Experiment on China.” Current Issues in Tourism 23, no. 23 (June 18, 2020): 2972–2985. doi:10.1080/13683500.2020.1779190.
[21] Polydoropoulou, Amalia, Ioannis Tsouros, Ioanna Pagoni, and Athena Tsirimpa. "Exploring Individual Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Mobility as a Service.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 11 (August 24, 2020): 152–164. doi:10.1177/0361198120938054.
[22] Nickkar, Amirreza, Nashid K. Khadem, and Hyeon-Shic Shin. "Willingness to Pay for Autonomous Vehicles: An Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis Approach.” International Conference on Transportation and Development 2020 (August 31, 2020): 1-14. doi:10.1061/9780784483138.001.
[23] Ashalatha, R., V. S. Manju, and Arun Baby Zacharia. "Mode Choice Behavior of Commuters in Thiruvananthapuram City.” Journal of Transportation Engineering 139, no. 5 (May 2013): 494–502. doi:10.1061/(asce)te.1943-5436.0000533.
[24] Shrivastava, Rinku, Sanjeev Sinha, and Manjari Chakraborty. "Concept plan of transport infrastructure for Mid Sized city in India." Journal of Society for Transportation and Traffic Studies 2, no. 3 (2011): 33-45.
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[26] UDHD. PATNA MASTER PLAN 2031 Town and Country Planning Organization, (2016).
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[28] Hensher, David A. "Stated Preference Analysis of Travel Choices: The State of Practice.” Transportation 21, no. 2 (May 1994): 107–133. doi:10.1007/bf01098788.
[29] Software E. A Quick Start Introduction to NLOGIT 5 and LIMDEP 10.
[30] National Institute of Technology, Patna, "Comprehensive Mobility Plan”, Patna, (2018).
[2] Shimazaki, T., and M. Rahman. "Physical Characteristics of Paratransit in Developing Countries of Asia.” Journal of Advanced Transportation 30, no. 2 (March 1996): 5–24. doi:10.1002/atr.5670300203.
[3] Sinha S, Sadhukhan S, Kumar S, Bandhyopadhyaya R, Shrivastava R. "User's assessment of Auto Rickshaw"¯: A Paratransit mode for mid-sized city in India.” Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol 11, (2017).
[4] Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., Greene WH. Applied Choice Analysis: A Primer. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. (2005).
[5] Sadhukhan, Shubhajit, Uttam K. Banerjee, and Bhargab Maitra. "Commuters' Willingness-to-Pay for Improvement of Transfer Facilities in and Around Metro Stations – A Case Study in Kolkata.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 92 (October 2016): 43–58. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2016.07.004.
[6] Eboli L, Mazzulla G. Willingness-to-pay of public transport users for improvement in service quality 38, (2008): 107–118.
[7] Minderhoud, M. M., and H. J. Van Zuylen. "Willingness-to-Pay for Personal Rapid Transit in the City of Almelo.” Automated People Movers 2005 (April 25, 2005): 395–405. doi:10.1061/40766(174)34.
[8] Bachok, Syahriah, and Zakiah Ponrahono. "Modelling Willingness To Pay for Improved Public Transport Services: The Challenges of Non-Response to Stated Preference Hypothetical Questions.” Planning Malaysia Journal 15, no. 1 (May 12, 2017): 333–346. doi:10.21837/pmjournal.v15.i6.250.
[9] Vanany, Iwan, Udisubakti Ciptomulyono, Muhammad Khoiri, Dodi Hartanto, and Putri N. Imani. "Willingness to Pay for Surabaya Mass Rapid Transit (SMART) Options.” Procedia Manufacturing 4 (2015): 373–382. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2015.11.053.
[10] Hazra, Tumpa, Sudha Goel, and Bhargab Maitra. "Willingness-to-Pay for Solid Waste Management Service Attributes: Kolkata Municipal Corporation Area, India, as a Case Study.” International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 12, no. 4 (2013): 406-421. doi:10.1504/ijewm.2013.056627.
[11] Dell' Olio, Luigi, Angel Ibeas, Patricia Cecín, and Francesco dell' Olio. "Willingness to Pay for Improving Service Quality in a Multimodal Area.” Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 19, no. 6 (December 2011): 1060–1070. doi:10.1016/j.trc.2011.06.004.
[12] Chintakayala, Phani Kumar, and Bhargab Maitra. "Modeling Generalized Cost of Travel and Its Application for Improvement of Taxies in Kolkata.” Journal of Urban Planning and Development 136, no. 1 (March 2010): 42–49. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9488(2010)136:1(42).
[13] Phanikumar, C. V., and Bhargab Maitra. "Willingness-to-Pay and Preference Heterogeneity for Rural Bus Attributes.” Journal of Transportation Engineering 133, no. 1 (January 2007): 62–69. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2007)133:1(62).
[14] Israel Schwarzlose, Alicia A., James W. Mjelde, Rebekka M. Dudensing, Yanhong Jin, Linda K. Cherrington, and Junyi Chen. "Willingness to Pay for Public Transportation Options for Improving the Quality of Life of the Rural Elderly.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 61 (March 2014): 1–14. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2013.12.009.
[15] Pujiati, Amin, Dyah Maya Nihayah, Prasetyo Ari Bowo, and Fifi Setyo Prastiwi. "Willingness To Pay For Improving The Quality Of Public Transportation.” JEJAK 12, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 365–381. doi:10.15294/jejak.v12i2.20302.
[16] Das, Sudhanshu Sekhar, Bhargab Maitra, and Manfred Boltze. "Planning of Fixed-Route Fixed-Schedule Feeder Service to Bus Stops in Rural India.” Journal of Transportation Engineering 138, no. 10 (October 2012): 1274–1281. doi:10.1061/(asce)te.1943-5436.0000419.
[17] Jaensirisak, Sittha, Paramet Luathep, and Sompong Paksarsawan. "Willingness and Ability to Pay for a New Public Transport: a Case Study of Korat City, Thailand." Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 12 (2017): 2310-2320. doi:10.11175/easts.12.2310.
[18] Yang, Zhao, Ying Zhang, Xuelian Bai, and Di Wu. "Estimation of Value of Travel Time Savings Using Willingness-to-Pay Method.” CICTP 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1710–1719. doi:10.1061/9780784481523.241.
[19] Meena, Sanu, Gopal R. Patil, and Aupal Mondal. "Understanding Mode Choice Decisions for Shopping Mall Trips in Metro Cities of Developing Countries.” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 64 (July 2019): 133–146. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2019.05.002.
[20] Chen, Jamie M., Jesper de Groote, James F. Petrick, Tracy Lu, and Peter Nijkamp. "Travellers' Willingness to Pay and Perceived Value of Time in Ride-Sharing: An Experiment on China.” Current Issues in Tourism 23, no. 23 (June 18, 2020): 2972–2985. doi:10.1080/13683500.2020.1779190.
[21] Polydoropoulou, Amalia, Ioannis Tsouros, Ioanna Pagoni, and Athena Tsirimpa. "Exploring Individual Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Mobility as a Service.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 11 (August 24, 2020): 152–164. doi:10.1177/0361198120938054.
[22] Nickkar, Amirreza, Nashid K. Khadem, and Hyeon-Shic Shin. "Willingness to Pay for Autonomous Vehicles: An Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis Approach.” International Conference on Transportation and Development 2020 (August 31, 2020): 1-14. doi:10.1061/9780784483138.001.
[23] Ashalatha, R., V. S. Manju, and Arun Baby Zacharia. "Mode Choice Behavior of Commuters in Thiruvananthapuram City.” Journal of Transportation Engineering 139, no. 5 (May 2013): 494–502. doi:10.1061/(asce)te.1943-5436.0000533.
[24] Shrivastava, Rinku, Sanjeev Sinha, and Manjari Chakraborty. "Concept plan of transport infrastructure for Mid Sized city in India." Journal of Society for Transportation and Traffic Studies 2, no. 3 (2011): 33-45.
[25] Tandon, Mahesh Chandra, and Purnendu Ghosh, eds. "Mobility Engineering” (2017): 69-72. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3099-4.
[26] UDHD. PATNA MASTER PLAN 2031 Town and Country Planning Organization, (2016).
[27] Hensher, David A., and William H. Greene. "The mixed logit model: The state of practice and warnings for the unwary.” Institute of Transport Studies, the University of Sydney and Monash University, (2002).
[28] Hensher, David A. "Stated Preference Analysis of Travel Choices: The State of Practice.” Transportation 21, no. 2 (May 1994): 107–133. doi:10.1007/bf01098788.
[29] Software E. A Quick Start Introduction to NLOGIT 5 and LIMDEP 10.
[30] National Institute of Technology, Patna, "Comprehensive Mobility Plan”, Patna, (2018).
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