1. Home
  2. Vol 10, No 5 (2024)
  3. Susilo

Vulnerability Index Assessment for Mapping Ground Movements Using the Microtremor Method as Geological Hazard Mitigation

Adi Susilo, Siti Zulaikah, A. Fauzi Pohan, M. Fathur Rouf Hasan, Farizky Hisyam, Siti Rohmah, M. Aryono Adhi

Abstract


Various geological disasters, such as landslides and ground movements, occur annually in Srimulyo Village, Malang District, with varying levels of damage. Ground movements can affect structures built above, causing sinking, cracking, and collapse. Research into landslides and ground movements triggered by vibrations is generally conducted using the microtremor method, which has proven effective. This study uses the microtremor method to map the soil condition that is potentially prone to movement or landslides based on the observed soil vulnerability index. Data was collected using a TDL 303s Digital Portable Seismograph instrument; the measurement points were established in the form of a grid distributed across the research area, with a recording duration of approximately 45 minutes at each point. The analysis technique utilizes the Horizontal Vertical Spectrum Ratio (HVSR) based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) principle. The study’s results found that the research location’s seismic vulnerability index varies between 6.5 and 16.5. Areas with high seismic vulnerability index values, specifically those with Kg>11.5, are scattered on the west, south, and southeast sides of the research location. Based on field observations, these areas are dominated by relatively thick sediment layers, leading to lower dominant frequency values and higher amplification values; consequently, the seismic vulnerability index in the southern region is also high.

 

Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-05-017

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Geological Hazard Mitigation; Ground Movements; Microtremor; Vulnerability Index.

References


PBD Malang Regency. (2022). Data on Disaster Events in Malang Regency. Malang Regency Government: Regional Agency for Disaster Management of Malang District, Malang, Indonesia.

Imani, P., Tian, G., Hadiloo, S., & El-Raouf, A. A. (2021). Application of combined electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and seismic refraction tomography (SRT) methods to investigate Xiaoshan District landslide site: Hangzhou, China. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 184, 104236. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.104236.

Jahangiri, M., Hadianfard, M. A., & Shojaei, S. (2022). Microtremor measurements for assessing the influences of non-structural components on the modal properties and vulnerability of steel structures. Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 201, 111750. doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2022.111750.

Susilo, A., Suryo, E. A., Fitriah, F., Sutasoma, M., & Bahtiar. (2018). Preliminary study of landslide in Sri Mulyo, Malang, Indonesia using resistivity method and drilling core data. International Journal of GEOMATE, 15(48), 161–168. doi:10.21660/2018.48.59471.

Maha Agung, P. A., Rouf Hasan, M. F., Susilo, A., Ahmad, M. A., Bin Ahmad, M. J., Abdurrahman, U. A., Sudjianto, A. T., & Suryo, E. A. (2023). Compilation of Parameter Control for Mapping the Potential Landslide Areas. Civil Engineering Journal, 9(4), 974–989. doi:10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-04-016.

Rezaei, S., Shooshpasha, I., & Rezaei, H. (2020). Evaluation of landslides using ambient noise measurements (case study: Nargeschal landslide). International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 14(4), 409–419. doi:10.1080/19386362.2018.1431354.

Elbshbeshi, A., Gomaa, A., Mohamed, A., Othman, A., & Ghazala, H. (2022). Seismic hazard evaluation by employing microtremor measurements for Abu Simbel area, Aswan, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 196, 104734. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104734.

Liu, P. H., Wu, J. H., Lee, D. H., & Lin, Y. H. (2023). Detecting landslide vulnerability using anisotropic microtremors and vulnerability index. Engineering Geology, 323, 107240. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107240.

Pornsopin, P., Pananont, P., Furlong, K. P., Chaila, S., Promsuk, C., Kamjudpai, C., & Phetkongsakul, K. (2024). Seismic Microzonation Map of Chiang Mai Basin, Thailand. Trends in Sciences, 21(3), 7370–7370. doi:10.48048/tis.2024.7370.

Susilo, A., Juwono, A. M., Aprilia, F., Hisyam, F., Rohmah, S., & Hasan, M. F. R. (2023). Subsurface Analysis Using Microtremor and Resistivity to Determine Soil Vulnerability and Discovery of New Local Fault. Civil Engineering Journal, 9(9), 2286–2299. doi:10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-014.

Livaoğlu, H., Irmak, T. S., & Güven, I. T. (2019). Seismic vulnerability indices of ground for Değirmendere (Kocaeli Province, Turkey). Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 78(1), 507–517. doi:10.1007/s10064-017-1102-8.

Güven, İ. T. (2022). Seismic vulnerability indices for ground in Derince-Kocaeli (NW Turkey). Environmental Earth Sciences, 81(5), 167. doi:10.1007/s12665-022-10288-x.

Arisalwadi, M., & Sastrawan, F. D. (2022). Microzonation Mapping in Supporting Construction Plan, New Capital City of Indonesia (Case Study: Sepaku Sub-district, Panajam Paser Utara Regency). 4th International Seminar on Science and Technology, 2-3 November, 2022. doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-228-6_10.

Siburian, B. I., Marzuki, M., & Lubis, A. M. (2024). Local site effects and seismic microzonation around Suban Area, Curup Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu deduced by ambient noise measurements. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 11(1), 5. doi:10.1186/s40677-024-00268-7.

Chen, C. Te, Kuo, C. H., Lin, C. M., Huang, J. Y., & Wen, K. L. (2022). Investigation of shallow S-wave velocity structure and site response parameters in Taiwan by using high-density microtremor measurements. Engineering Geology, 297, 106498. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106498.

European Commission. (2004). Guidelines for The Implementation of The H/V Spectral Ratio Technique on Ambient Vibrations-Measurements, Processing and Interpretations. WP12 – Deliverable D23.12. European Commission – Research General Directorate Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026, Brussels, Belgium.

Nakamura, Y. (1989). A method for dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using microtremor on the ground surface. Railway Technical Research Institute, Quarterly Reports, 30(1).

Rohmah, S., Susilo, A., Yudianto, D., Hisyam, F., & Suryo, E. A. (2023). Analysis of Seismic Vulnerability Index Based on Microtremor Investigation (Case Study of Majangtengah Village, Dampit, Malang Regency). 12th International Conference on Green Technology. 26-27 October, 2022, Malang, Indonesia.

Pasaribu, R. J. M., Yuliyanto, G., & Yulianto, T. (2023). Landslide Potential Analysis on New Road of Undip-Jangli Campus, Semarang Using Microtremor Method. Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(6), 388–396. doi:10.47760/cognizance.2023.v03i06.025.

Noor, M. A. M., Madun, A., Kamarudin, A. F., & Daud, M. E. (2016). A Study of Geological Formation on Different Sites in Batu Pahat, Malaysia Based on HVSR Method Using Microtremor Measurement. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 136(1), 12038. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/136/1/012038.

Kanai, K. (1983). Engineering Seismology. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, Japan.

Khalili, M., & Mirzakurdeh, A. V. (2019). Fault detection using microtremor data (HVSR-based approach) and electrical resistivity survey. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 11(2), 400–408. doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2018.12.003.

Sujanto, R., Hadisantono, R., Chaniago, R., & Baharuddin, R. (1992). Geological Map of The Turen Quadrangle, Jawa. Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung, Indonesia.

Meteorology Climatology and Geophysical Agency. (2010). Study of Earthquake Hazard Hazards in Bantul Regency. Special Region of Yogyakarta, Bantul, Indonesia.

Nakamura, Y., & Sato, T. (2001). Inventory development for natural and built environments: use of seismic motion and microtremor for vulnerability assessment. 4th EQTAP Workshop in Kamakura, 3-4 December, Kamakura, Japan.

Mahajan, A. K., Kumar, P., & Kumar, P. (2021). Near-surface seismic site characterization using Nakamura-based HVSR technique in the geological complex region of Kangra Valley, northwest Himalaya, India. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(10), 826. doi:10.1007/s12517-021-07136-w.

Akkaya, İ. (2020). Availability of seismic vulnerability index (Kg) in the assessment of building damage in Van, Eastern Turkey. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 19(1), 189–204. doi:10.1007/s11803-020-0556-z.

Banyunegoro, V. H., Muksin, U., & Idris, Y. (2020). Seismic microtremor experiment to determine seismic vulnerability of North Aceh. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 846(1), 012053. doi:10.1088/1757-899x/846/1/012053.

Stanko, D., Markušić, S., Strelec, S., & Gazdek, M. (2017). HVSR analysis of seismic site effects and soil-structure resonance in Varaždin city (North Croatia). Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 92, 666–677. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.10.022.

Akkaya, İ., Özvan, A., Tapan, M., & Şengül, M. A. (2015). Determining the site effects of 23 October 2011 earthquake (Van province, Turkey) on the rural areas using HVSR microtremor method. Journal of Earth System Science, 124(7), 1429–1443. doi:10.1007/s12040-015-0626-1.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-05-017

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2024 Adi Susilo, Siti Zulaikah, Ahmad Fauzi Pohan, Muhammad Fathur Rouf Hasan, Farizky Hisyam, Siti Rohmah, Mochamad Aryono Adhi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
x
Message