Interaction Strength of Hanger and Horizontal Steel Reinforcement of Dapped End Beams
Abstract
The dapped end beam members have a special end with low depth at the support area, which results in a weak area against shear stresses. Classical structural analysis doesn’t capture the precise steel reinforcement interaction at the dapped zone area. The main objectives of this study are to investigate the strength of the dapped end area and to analyze stresses in the steel reinforcement to evaluate the shear failure mechanism at the re-entrant corner. The experimental tests conducted on RC beam samples, in addition to the numerical simulation of these samples by a finite element program, have been compared with a mathematical model. The experimental program highlighted the strains in the steel reinforcement in the dapped region to calculate the magnitude of the stresses in the steel reinforcement. In the experimental program, six dapped beams were fabricated with a length of 3 m, a width of 150 mm, and a depth of 300 mm. The notched end has a 150-mm depth and 150-mm height. These beams were loaded by a concentrated load near support to investigate the shear strength capacity. From the results for steel reinforcement strain, it is found that hanger and horizontal steel reinforcements interact to provide dapped end shear strength. The study proposes a new approach to computing shear strength capacity at the re-entrant corner by adding the contributions of the horizontal and hanger steel reinforcement using an appropriate proportion strain factor. This method revealed greater carrying capacity for the dapped end beam compared with other common structural methods. The results of the numerical analysis were done by the ABAQUS finite element program, showing the same behavior as the experimental work. This study proved the common contribution of hanger and horizontal re-entrant corner steel reinforcement and proposed a new formula to determine the updated nominal shear strength.
Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-015
Full Text: PDF
Keywords
References
Mattock, A. H., & Theryo, T. S. (1986). Strength of Precast Prestressed Concrete Membranes with Dapped Ends. Journal - Prestressed Concrete Institute, 31(5), 58–75. doi:10.15554/pcij.09011986.58.75.
Barton, D. L., Anderson, R. B., Bouadi, A., Jirsa, J. O., & Breen, J. E. (1991). An investigation of strut-and-tie models for dapped beam details. Center for Transportation Research (CTR), University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States.
Martin, L. D., & Korkosz, W. J. (1982). Connections for Precast Prestressed Concrete Buildings: Including Earthquake Resistance. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI), Chicago, United States.
Lu, W., Lin, I., Hwang, S., & Lin, Y. (2003). Shear strength of high‐strength concrete dapped‐end beams. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 26(5), 671–680. doi:10.1080/02533839.2003.9670820.
Wang, Q., Guo, Z., & Hoogenboom, P. C. J. (2005). Experimental investigation on the shear capacity of RC dapped end beams and design recommendations. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 21(2), 221–235. doi:10.12989/sem.2005.21.2.221.
Peng, T. (2009). Influence of detailing on response of dapped end beams. Master Thesis, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Mader, D. J. (1990). Detailing dapped ends of pretensioned concrete beams, Master Thesis, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States.
Aswin, M., Syed, Z. I., Wee, T., & Liew, M. S. (2014). Prediction of failure loads of RC dapped-end beams. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 567, 463–468. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.567.463.
Hamoudi, A. A., Phang, M. K. S., & Bierweiler, R. A. (1975). Diagonal Shear in Prestressed Concrete Dapped-Beams. ACI Journal Proceedings, 72(7), 347–350. doi:10.14359/11140.
Shakir, Q. M. (2020). A Review on Structural Behavior, Analysis and Design of RC Dapped End Beams. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 978(1), 012003. doi:10.1088/1757-899x/978/1/012003.
PCI. (2010). PCI Design Handbook (7th Ed.). Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI), Chicago, United States. doi:10.15554/mnl-120-10.
Yang, K.-H., Ashour, A. F., & Lee, J.-K. (2011). Shear strength of reinforced concrete dapped-end beams using mechanism analysis. Magazine of Concrete Research, 63(2), 81–97. doi:10.1680/macr.9.00006.
Aswin, M., Mohammed, B. S., Liew, M. S., & Syed, Z. I. (2015). Shear Failure of RC Dapped-End Beams. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 1-11. doi:10.1155/2015/309135.
Klein, G., Botros, A., Andrews, B., & Holloway, K. (2017). Dapped Ends of Prestressed Concrete Thin-Stemmed Members: Part 2, Design. PCI Journal, 62(2), 83-100. doi:10.15554/pcij62.2-02.
Mohammed, B. S., Aswin, M., Liew, M. S., & Zawawi, N. A. W. A. (2019). Structural Performance of RC and R-ECC Dapped-End Beams Based on the Role of Hanger or Diagonal Reinforcements Combined by ECC. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 13(1), 44. doi:10.1186/s40069-019-0356-x.
Syed, Z. I., Kewalramani, M., & Hejah, E. S. (2019). Structural Reliability of Dapped End Beams with Different Reinforcement Layouts under Dynamic Loading. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 575, 012003. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/575/1/012003.
Mohammed, B. S., Aswin, M., & Liew, M. S. (2020). Prediction of failure load of RC and R-ECC dapped-end beams. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 13, 433. doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2020.e00433.
Atalla, A., & ALjebouri, K. (2022). Parameters Affecting the Strength and Behavior of RC Dapped-End Beams: A Numerical Study. Journal of Engineering, 28(10), 78–97. doi:10.31026/j.eng.2022.10.06.
Mohammad, A. Q., & Abbas, R. M. (2023). Structural Behavior of Prestressed RC Dapped Beam with Openings Strengthened Using CFRP Sheets. E3S Web of Conferences, 427, 02004. doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202342702004.
Aswin, M., Al-Fakih, A., Syed, Z. I., & Liew, M. S. (2023). Influence of Different Dapped-End Reinforcement Configurations on Structural Behavior of RC Dapped-End Beam. Buildings, 13(1), 116. doi:10.3390/buildings13010116.
Masėnas, V., Meškėnas, A., & Valivonis, J. (2023). Analysis of the Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Dapped-End Beams. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 13(9), 5228. doi:10.3390/app13095228.
Abdul-Jawad, H. M. (2018). Modelling of dapped-end beams using Abaqus software. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 9(1), 1-10.
Abeysingha, M. L. T., Padmasiri, W. P. P. M., & Yapa, H. D. (2023). Strength Prediction of Structurally Deficient Dapped End Beams. Society of Structural Engineers, Sri Lanka - Annual Sessions 2023, 5 December, 2023, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-015
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Abdulkareem Qasim Mohammed
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
