The Best Location of Belt Truss System in Tall Buildings Using Multiple Criteria Subjected to Blast Loading
Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to investigate the effect of blast phenomenon on structures to determine the best location of belt truss system in tall buildings. For this purpose, one of the exterior frames of a tall steel building, in which the belt truss is located, is considered. The steel frame model is subjected to two different charges of equivalent weight which are applied in two different standoff distances. In this research, the best location of the belt truss system is determined using OpenSees software based on the nonlinear dynamic analysis. The best location of the belt truss system for different types of loading is investigated both with and without considering the post-buckling effect for all members of the belt truss system. The results show that when blast charges are located in a 5-meter range from the building (R=5), post buckling effect of truss elements are more obvious than the case in which blast charges are located in a 10-meter range (R=10); this, in turn, causes the amount of base moment to be completely different when the belt truss is located in the first storey in comparison to the cases where the belt truss is located in any other stories. In addition, if the explosion occurs near the building when the base moment is considered as a criterion, the post buckling effect has a significant role.
Keywords
References
Li, Honghao, Xianghui Cai, Lei Zhang, Boyi Zhang, and Wei Wang. “Progressive Collapse of Steel Moment-Resisting Frame Subjected to Loss of Interior Column: Experimental Tests.” Engineering Structures 150 (November 2017): 203–220. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.07.051.
Ding, Yang, Xiaoran Song, and Hai-Tao Zhu. “Probabilistic Progressive Collapse Analysis of Steel Frame Structures against Blast Loads.” Engineering Structures 147 (September 2017): 679–691. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.05.063.
Elsanadedy, H.M., T.H. Almusallam, Y.R. Alharbi, Y.A. Al-Salloum, and H. Abbas. “Progressive Collapse Potential of a Typical Steel Building due to Blast Attacks.” Journal of Constructional Steel Research 101 (October 2014): 143–157. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.05.005.
Nourzadeh, Danesh, JagMohan Humar, and Abass Braimah. “Response of Roof Beams in Buildings Subject to Blast Loading: Analytical Treatment.” Engineering Structures 138 (May 2017): 50–62. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.009.
Forni, Daniele, Bernardino Chiaia, and Ezio Cadoni. “Blast Effects on Steel Columns under Fire Conditions.” Journal of Constructional Steel Research 136 (September 2017): 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.04.012.
Remennikov, Alex M., and Timothy A. Rose. “Modelling Blast Loads on Buildings in Complex City Geometries.” Computers & Structures 83, No. 27 (October 2005): 2197–2205. doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2005.04.
Acosta, Patrick F. “Overview of UFC 3-340-02 Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions.” Structures Congress 2011 (April 13, 2011). doi:10.1061/41171(401)127.
Ngo, Tuan Duc, Priyan Mendis, Anant Gupta, and J. Ramsay. “Blast Loading and Blast Effects on Structures–an Overview.” Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 7, No. S1 (2007):76-91.
Remennikov, Alex M. “A Review of Methods for Predicting Bomb Blast Effects on Buildings.” Journal of Battlefield Technology 6, No. 3 (2003): 5.
Liew, J.Y. Richard. “Survivability of Steel Frame Structures Subject to Blast and Fire.” Journal of Constructional Steel Research 64, No. 7–8 (July 2008): 854–866. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2007.12.013.
Song, L., B.A. Izzuddin, A.S. Elnashai, and P.J. Dowling. “An Integrated Adaptive Environment for Fire and Explosion Analysis of Steel Frames — Part I: Analytical Models.” Journal of Constructional Steel Research 53, No. 1 (January 2000): 63–85. doi:10.1016/s0143-974x(99)00040-1.
Rahgozar, Reza., Zahra Mahmoudzadeh, Mohsen Malekinejad, and Peyman Rahgozar. “Dynamic Analysis of Combined System of Framed Tube and Shear Walls by Galerkin Method using B-Spline Functions.” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 24, No. 8, (November 2014): 591-606. doi: 10.1002/tal.1201.
Kamgar, Reza, and Mohammad Mehdi Saadatpour. “A Simple Mathematical Model for Free Vibration Analysis of Combined System Consisting of Framed Tube, Shear Core, Belt Truss and Outrigger System with Geometrical Discontinuities.” Applied Mathematical Modelling 36, No. 10 (October 2012): 4918–4930. doi:10.1016/j.apm.2011.12.029.
Kamgar, Reza, and Reza Rahgozar. “A Simple Approximate Method for Free Vibration Analysis of Framed Tube Structures.” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 22, No. 2 (December 1, 2010): 217–234. doi:10.1002/tal.680.
Heidari, Ali, Reza Rahgozar, and Reza Kamgar. “Free Vibration Analysis of Tall Building with Geometrical Discontinuities.” Asian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, No. 1 (2014):107-122.
Malekinejad, Mohsen, Reza Rahgozar, Ali Malekinejad, and Peyman Rahgozar. “A Continuous-Discrete Approach for Evaluation of Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes of High-Rise Buildings.” International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering 8, No. 3 (September 2016): 269-280. doi: 10.1007/s40091-016-0129-6.
Rahgozar, Reza, Ali Reza Ahmadi, Mostafa Ghelichi, Younes Goudarzi, Mohsen Malekinejad, and Peyman Rahgozar, “Parametric Stress Distribution and Displacement Functions for Tall Buildings under Lateral Loads.” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 23, No. 1 (March 2012): 22-41. doi: 10.1002/tal.1016.
Taranath, B. S. “Optimum Belt Truss Location for High-Rise Structures.” Structural Engineer 53, No. 8 (1975): 18-21.
Rahgozar, Reza, and Yasser Sharifi. “An Approximate Analysis of Combined System of Framed Tube, Shear Core and Belt Truss in High-Rise Buildings.” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 18, No. 6 (October 2009): 607–624. doi:10.1002/tal.503.
Lee, Jaehong, Minsik Bang, and Jae-Yeol Kim. “An Analytical Model for High-Rise Wall‐Frame Structures with Outriggers.” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 17, No. 4 (2008): 839-851.
Abdul Karim Mulla, and B. N. Srinivas. “A Study on Outrigger System in a Tall R.C Structure with Steel Bracing.” International Journal of Engineering Research and V4, No. 07 (July 20, 2015). doi:10.17577/ijertv4is070459
Mistry, Krunal Z., and Dhruti J. Dhyani. “Optimum Outrigger Location in Outrigger Structural System for High-Rise Building.” International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development 2, No. 05 (May 31, 2015). doi:10.21090/ijaerd.020536.
Patil, Dhanaraj M., and Keshav K. Sangle. “Seismic Behaviour of Outrigger Braced Systems in High-Rise 2-D Steel Buildings.” Structures 8 (November 2016): 1–16. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2016.07.005.
Kamgar, Reza, and Reza Rahgozar. “Determination of Optimum Location for Flexible Outrigger Systems in Non-Uniform Tall Buildings using Energy Method.” International Journal of Optimization in Civil Engineering 5, No. 4 (2015): 433-444.
Kamgar, Reza, and Reza Rahgozar. “Determination of Optimum Location for Flexible Outrigger Systems in Tall Buildings with Constant Cross Section Consisting of Framed Tube, Shear Core, Belt Truss and Outrigger System using Energy Method.” International Journal of Steel Structures 17, No. 1 (March 2017): 1–8. doi:10.1007/s13296-014-0172-8.
Lee, Soobum, and Andrés Tovar. “Outrigger Placement in Tall Buildings using Topology Optimization.” Engineering Structures 74 (September 2014): 122–129. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.05.019.
Kulkarni, A.V., and Sambireddy G. “Analysis of Blast Loading Effect on High-Rise Buildings.” Civil and Environmental Research 6 (2014): 86-90.
Li, Bing, Tso-Chien Pan, and Anand Nair. “A Case Study of the Structural Responses of a Tall Building in Singapore Subjected to Close-in Detonations.” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 20, No. 2 (March 2011): 223–246. doi:10.1002/tal.531.
Fu, Feng. “Dynamic Response and Robustness of Tall Buildings under Blast Loading.” Journal of Constructional Steel Research 80 (January 2013): 299–307. doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.10.001.
Dusenberry, Donald O. (Ed.). “Handbook for Blast Resistant Design of Buildings.” John Wiley & Sons. (2010).
Brode, Harold L. “Numerical Solutions of Spherical Blast Waves.” Journal of Applied Physics 26, No. 6 (June 1955): 766–775. doi:10.1063/1.1722085.
Newmark, N.M., and R.J. Hansen. “Design of Blast Resistant Structures, Shock and Vibration Handbook.” 3, Eds. Harris and Cede. McGraw-Hill, New York. (1961).
Mills, C.A. “The design of concrete structure to resist explosions and weapon effects.” Proceedings of the 1st Int. Conference on concrete for hazard protections, Edinburgh, (1987), UK. 61-73.
Mays, Geoffrey, and P .D. Smith. “Blast Effects on Buildings: Design of Buildings to Optimize Resistance to Blast Loading.” Thomas Telford, London. (1995).
Zhang, Ruiyang, and Brian M. Phillips. “Performance and Protection of Base-Isolated Structures under Blast Loading.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics 142, No. 1 (January 2016): 04015063. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)em.1943-7889.0000974.
Lam, Nelson, Priyan Mendis, and Tuan Duc Ngo. “Response spectrum solutions for blast loading.” Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 4, No. 4 (January 2004): 28-44.
Rankine, W. J. Macquorn. “On The Thermodynamic Theory of Waves of Finite Longitudinal Disturbance.” Classic Papers in Shock Compression Science (1998): 133–148. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2218-7-5.
DOI: 10.28991/cej-0309177
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Reihaneh Tavakoli, Reza Kamgar, Reza Rahgozar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
