Hassan Moulay Omar
1) Laboratory of Energy Environment and Information System, Ahmed Draia University, Adrar, Algeria. 2) Department of Science and Technology, Ahmed Draia University, Adrar,
Algeria

Rachid Zentar
Center of Materials and Processes, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, B.P. 838, 59508, Douai,
France

Mustapha Akacem
1) Laboratory of Energy Environment and Information System, Ahmed Draia University, Adrar, Algeria. 2) Department of Science and Technology, Ahmed Draia University, Adrar,
Algeria

Belkacem Mekerta
2) Department of Science and Technology, Ahmed Draia University, Adrar, Algeria. 4) Laboratoire ‘LabMat’, Department of Civil Engineering, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique D’Oran (ENPO), Oran,
Algeria

Mohamed Mouli
Laboratoire ‘LabMat’, Department of Civil Engineering, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique D’Oran (ENPO), Oran,
Algeria