Assessment and Estimating Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Using a Modified DRASTIC and GODS Models (Case Study: Malayer Plain of Iran)
Abstract
This study deals with the intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater reservoirs to pollution, by the use of two models DRASTIC and GODS, this study is done by taking samples from 17 water resources of Malayer plain Aquifer area of southern Hamedan Province, Iran. 30 physicochemical parameters and heavy metals have been studied and vulnerability of this aquifer to the nitrate concentration, was determined. The study showed that results from DRASTIC were better than GODS in Assessment and Estimating groundwater vulnerability to pollution, also DRASTIC model has been corrected, and compared the ability of these two models in vulnerability zoning has been evaluated. According to high correlation between DRASTIC index and nitrate concentration, ranking and weighting of nitrate pollutant is inserted in the DRASTIC equation, and zoning map of DRASTIC method has been calibrated by nitrate concentration. By this method, vulnerability zoning is determined between very low to very high, which shows the increase of DRASTIC index by nitrate concentration. DRASTIC parameters uncertainty has affected the zoning results in this method, but its calibration with nitrate concentration, gives more accurate vulnerability results.
Keywords
References
Ghosh A, Tiwari AK, Das S. A GIS based DRASTIC model for assessing groundwater vulnerability of Katri Watershed, Dhanbad, India. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment [Internet]. Springer Nature; 2015 Jul 5;1(3). Available from: doi: 10.1007/s40808-015-0009-2.
Belmonte-Jiménez SI, Campos-Enríquez JO, Zamora MA. Vulnerability to contamination of the Zaachila aquifer, Oaxaca, Mexico. Geofísica internacional. 2005;44(3):283-300.
Foster SS. Fundamental Concepts in Aquifer Vulnerability, Pollution Risk and Protection Strategy: International Conference, 1987, Noordwijk Aan Zee, the Netherlands Vulnerability of Soil and Groundwater to Pollutants The Hague, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research. Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research; 1987.
Margat J. Vulnerabilite des nappes d’eau souterraine a la pollution: bases de la cartographie [Vulnerability of groundwater to pollution: database mapping]. BRGM Publication. 1968.
Rahman A. A GIS based DRASTIC model for assessing groundwater vulnerability in shallow aquifer in Aligarh, India. Applied Geography [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2008 Jan;28(1):32–53. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2007.07.0085.
Manos B, Papathanasiou J, Bournaris T. A multicriteria model for planning agricultural regions within a context of groundwater rational management. J Environ Manage. 2010; 91:1593–600.
Singh, Prasoon Kumar, A. K. Tiwari, B. P. Panigarhy, and M. K. Mahato. "Water quality indices used for water resources vulnerability assessment using GIS technique: a review." Int J Earth Sci Eng 6, no. 6-1 (2013): 1594-1600.
Boufekane A, Saighi O. Application of Groundwater Vulnerability Overlay and Index Methods to the Jijel Plain Area (Algeria). Groundwater [Internet]. Wiley-Blackwell; 2017 Aug 21;56(1):143–56. doi: 10.1111/gwat.12582.
Al-Abadi AM, Al-Shamma’a AM, Aljabbari MH. A GIS-based DRASTIC model for assessing intrinsic groundwater vulnerability in northeastern Missan governorate, southern Iraq. Applied Water Science [Internet]. Springer Nature; 2014 Aug 3;7(1):89–101. doi: 10.1007/s13201-014-0221-7.
Jessica EL, Sonia T. Groundwater vulnerability assessments and integrated water resource management. Watershed Manag Bull 13(1):18–29, (2009).
Baghapour MA, Fadaei Nobandegani A, Talebbeydokhti N, Bagherzadeh S, Nadiri AA, Gharekhani M, et al. Optimization of DRASTIC method by artificial neural network, nitrate vulnerability index, and composite DRASTIC models to assess groundwater vulnerability for unconfined aquifer of Shiraz Plain, Iran. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering [Internet]. Springer Nature; 2016 Aug 9;14(1). doi: 10.1186/s40201-016-0254-y.
Hamedan Water Organization. “Malayer Groundwater Sources Balance Report”, (1997-1998).
Hamedan Water Organization. “Malayer Groundwater Sources Balance Report”, (2005-2006).
The Ministry of Energy of Iran. Water Sources Engineering Standards, Issue 3, PP. 116, (1992).
Todd Keith and D., W. mays, L. “Groundwater hydrology" John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 636, (2005).
Mato, Rubhera Rukumbuja Aloyce Mtani. "Groundwater pollution in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: assessing vulnerability and protection priorities." (2002).
Stokes SN. Mapping Ground water Vulnerability to contamination in Texas GIS for water resources CE 394K3 Term Project Presentation One. University of Texas at Austin. 2003:23-7.
Aller L, Bennett T, Lehr JH, Petty R. DRASTIC: A System to Evaluate the Pollution Potential of Hydrogeologic Settings by Pesticides. Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water [Internet]. American Chemical Society; 1986 Jul 17;141–58. doi: 10.1021/bk-1986-0315.ch008.
Godfrey S, Smith M. Improved microbial risk assessment of groundwater. Hydrogeology Journal [Internet]. Springer Nature; 2005 Feb 25;13(1):321–4. doi: 10.1007/s10040-004-0412-7.
DOI: 10.28991/cej-0309103
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Maryam Hosseini
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
