Displacement and Deformation of the First Tunnel Lining During the Second Tunnel Construction

Lin Wu, Xiedong Zhang, Zhihua Zhang, Luqing Luo, Weichen Sun

Abstract


A three-dimensional twin tunnels scale model was established utilizing the discrete element method (DEM) with PFC3D. This model aims to investigate the displacement (in horizontal and vertical directions) and deformation of the first tunnel lining in four different cases which the clear distance of twin tunnels are 5, 10, 15 and 20 m during the second tunnel construction process. The numerical results indicate that the clear distance between twin tunnels and the distance between the measurement points of the first tunnel and the excavation area of the second tunnel are two most critical factors that influence the displacement and deformation of the first tunnel lining. Meanwhile, the soil arching effect, gravity, water pressure and lateral pressure also have an impact on the behavior of the first tunnel. The maximum disturbance of horizontal and vertical displacements occurred in the time points of finishing of the second tunnel. However, the horizontal displacement of the first tunnel is much more sensitive to the vertical displacement. The first tunnel turns to the right and down in direction while having an anticlockwise rotation (φ) during the process of construction of the second tunnel. In addition, the displacement and deformation of the lining of the first tunnel are critical to monitor, and the necessary precautions should be taken to decrease the risk of craze. In conclusion, the influence of the second tunnel excavation on the first tunnel lining could be neglected when their distance is more than 15 m.


Keywords


Twin-Tunnels; Tunnel Lining; Displacement; Deformation; Discrete Element Method (DEM).

References


Chapman, D.N., Ahn, S.K., and Hunt, D.V.L. “Investigating Ground Movements Caused by the Construction of Multiple Tunnels in Soft Ground Using Laboratory Model Tests.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 44, no. 6 (January 22, 2007): 631–643, doi:10.1139/t07-018.

Chu, Bin-Lin, Hsu, Sung-Chi, Chang, Yi-Long, and Lin, Yeong-Shyang. “Mechanical behavior of a twin-tunnel in multi-layered formations.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 22 (June 15, 2006): 351-362, doi: 10.1016//j.tust.2006.06.003.

Choi, Jung-In. and Lee, Seok-Won. “Influence of Existing Tunnel on Mechanical Behavior of New Tunnel.” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 14, no. 5 (December 24 2009): 773-783, doi: 10.1007/s12205-010-1013-8.

Li, Peng, Du, Shou-Ji, Ma, Xian-Feng, Yin, Zhen-Yu, and Shen, Shui-Long. “Centrifuge Investigation into the Effect of New Shield Tunnelling on an Existing Underlying Large-diameter Tunnel.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 42 (February 2, 2014): 59-66, doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2014.02.004.

C.W.W. Ng, K.M. Lee, and D.K.W. Tang. “Three-dimensional Numerical Investigations of New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) Twin Tunnel Interactions.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41(June 30, 2004): 523-539, doi: 10.1139/t04-008.

Do, Ngoc-Anh, Dias, Daniel, Oreste, Pierpaolo, and Djeran-Maigre, Irini. “Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of a Mechanized Twin Tunnels in Soft Ground.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 42 (February 25, 2014): 40-51, doi:10.1016//j.tust.2014.02.001.

Do, Ngoc-Anh, Dias, Daniel, and Oreste, Pierpaolo. “3D Numerical Investigation on the Interaction between Mechanized Twin Tunnels in Soft Ground.” Environmental Earth Sciences, 73, no. 5 (August 1, 2014): 2101-2113, doi: 10.1007/s12665-014-3561-6.

Do, Ngoc-Anh, Dias, Daniel, and Oreste, Pierpaolo. “3D Numerical Investigation of Mechanized Twin Tunnels in Soft Ground – Influence of Lagging Distance Between Two Tunnel Faces.” Engineering Structures 109 (December 17, 2015): 117-125, doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.11.053.

Zhang, Zhiguo, Zhang, Mengxi, Jiang, Yunjuan, Bai, Qiaomu, and Zhao, Qihua. “Analytical Prediction for Ground Movements and Liner Internal Forces Induced by Shallow Tunnels Considering Non-uniform Convergence Pattern and Ground-liner Interaction Mechanism.” Soil and Foundations 57 (April 13, 2017): 211-226, doi: 10.1016/j.sandf.2017.03.004.

Cundall, P.A. “A Computer Model for Simulating Progressive Large Scale Movements in Blocky Rock Systems.” Proceedings of International Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rock Fracture, 1971, Nancy, France: 2-8.

Cundall, P.A. and Strack, O.D.L. “A Discrete Numerical Model for Granular Assemblies.” Géotechnique, 29, no. 1, 1979: 47-75, doi: 10.1680/geot.1979.29.1.47.

Funatsu, T., Hoshino, T., Sawae, H., and Shimizu, N. “Numerical Analysis to Better Understand the Mechanism of Effects of Ground Supports and Reinforcements on the Stability of Tunnels Using the Distinct Element Method.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 23 (December 3, 2007): 561-573, doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2007.10.003.

He, Chuan, Feng, Kun, Fang, Yong, and Jiang, Ying-chao. “Surface Settlement Caused by Twin-parallel Shield Tunnelling in Sandy Cobble Strata.” Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A, 13, no. 11, (September 27, 2012): 858-869, doi:10.1631/jzus.A12ISGT6.

Oliaei, M. and Manafi, E. “Static Analysis of Interaction Between Twin-tunnels Using Discrete Element Method (DEM).” Scientia Iranica, 22, no. 6, (May 30, 2015):1964-1971.

Rocha, M. “The Possibility of Solving Soil Mechanics Problems by Use of Models.” Proceedings of 4th International Conference Soil Mechanism. Fdn. England. London, 1 (1957): 83-88.

Fang, Yong, Xu, Chen, Cui, Ge, and Kenneally, Bernadette. “Scale Model Test of Highway Tunnel Construction Underlying Mined-out Thin Coal Seam.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 56 (March 24, 2016):105–16, doi:10.1016/j.tust.2016.03.007.

Wu, Lin, Zhang, XieDong, Zhang, ZhiHua, and Lin, FaJin. “The Vertical and Horizontal Displacement of Cross-river Twin-tunnels Surroundings Induced by Tunneling.” International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE) Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World-Report: 838-844.

Gu, Xiaoqiang, Lu, Lutong, and Qian Jiangu. “Discrete Element Modeling of the Effect of Particle Size Distribution on the Small Strain Stiffness of Granular Soils.” China Particuology 32 (2017):21-29, doi: 10.1016/j.partic.2016.08.002.

Lu, J.F, Zhang, C.W., and Jian, P. “Meso-structure Parameters of Discrete Element Method of Sand Pebble Surrounding Rock Particles in Different Dense Degrees.” Proceedings of the 7th international Conference on Discrete Element Methods, (Cat. No.20165303205315) 2017; 188: 871-879.

Jiang, Mingjing, and Yin, Zhen-Yu. “Analysis of Stress Redistribution in Soils and Earth Pressure on Tunnel Lining Using the Discrete Element Method.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 32, no. 6, (June 28, 2012): 251-59, doi:10.1016/j.tust.2012.06.001.

Rui, Rui, Tol, Frits van, Xia, Xiao-Long, Eekelen, Suzanne van, Hu, Gang, and Xia Yuan-you. “Evolution of Soils Arching; 2D DEM Simulations.” Computers and Geotechnics 73 (December 29, 2015): 199-209.

Afifipour, Mohammad, Sharifzadeh, Mostafa, Shahriar, Kourosh, and Jamshidi, Hamed. “Interaction of Twin Tunnels and Shallow Foundation at Zand Underpass, Shiraz metro, Iran.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 26, no. 2, (December 3, 2010): 356-363, doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2010.11.006.

Buratti N., Ferracuti B., and Savois M. “Concrete Crack Reduction in Tunnel Linings by Steel Fibre-reinforced Concretes.” Construction and Building Materials 44 (April 9, 2013): 249-259, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.02.063.

Meng GW, Gao B, Zhou JM, Cao GD, and Zhang Q. “Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior of the Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Tunnel Segment.” Construction and Building Materials 126 (September 12, 2016): 98-107, doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.028.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/cej-2019-03091248

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2019 Lin Wu

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
x
Message